The sections used by the participants of the secret rituals in Zerzevan Castle are being uncovered

Recent excavations at Zerzevan Castle, located near Diyarbakır in southeastern Türkiye, have revealed fascinating new findings. Archaeologists are uncovering an area believed to have served as lodging for participants in secret rituals. This significant discovery sheds light on the mysterious practices within this 3,000-year-old Roman military settlement.

Zerzevan Castle, which is on the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List, offers a unique insight into the region’s Roman past and the later influence of the Mithras cult. Prof. Dr. Aytaç Coşkun leads the archaeological excavations, dedicating his efforts to uncovering the castle’s rich history.

Key Discoveries: From Fortifications to Sacred Spaces

The excavations have unearthed impressive sections of the castle’s fortifications. For instance, archaeologists uncovered a 1,200-meter-long stretch of walls that stand 12-15 meters high, along with a 21-meter-high watchtower. Additionally, they discovered a church, administrative buildings, residences, grain and weapon storage areas, rock-cut tombs, water channels, and 54 water cisterns. Notably, they found an underground church and a subterranean shelter capable of housing 400 people. Among the most significant discoveries is an underground Mithras temple dating back to the 4th century AD. The Mithras cult, once prevalent in the Roman Empire, declined with the rise of Christianity, making this temple a valuable source of information about the spread and practice of this ancient religion.

Ongoing Excavation and Restoration: Preserving Cultural Heritage

The Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism funds the “Legacy for the Future Project,” which supports ongoing excavation and restoration efforts at Zerzevan Castle. This work continues year-round, even during the winter months. Prof. Coşkun explains, “We are continuing even during the winter season. Excavation and restoration work at the castle will proceed uninterrupted as part of this project. Despite winter conditions, our excavations continue for 12 months. Our main focus is the Mithras sacred area and the walls. The castle is an important site for cultural and faith tourism.” Currently, the team concentrates its efforts on the Mithras sacred area and the castle walls.